John 5:30-46

2/10/2008

“They Bear Witness About Me”

 

I am sure you all have heard these sayings before. They are the ideas that dominate our culture: “I believe that everyone is basically good”; “I believe that all religions are the same and that there are many roads to heaven”; “I believe that, as long as I try to be good and not hurt anyone, I will end up in a better place”; “I believe that whatever makes one happy is the right thing to do”; “I believe that anything is possible if we put our mind to it, if we believe in ourselves.”

 

Well, the common sense will tell us that not everything people believe is true, no matter how sincerely they believe it. Many children believe in Santa Clause, enough to be shocked and dismayed when they find out the truth, anyway. Then they themselves take up their place in the long line of fake Santa Clauses, doing exactly what their parents had done. But our flights of fancy are not limited to children’s naïve beliefs in fairytales. There are more somber and pathetic expressions in people’s desperate hope, which arises out of their dire need to hold on to something, even to a straw.

 

Think also about the irony of all the computer games and internet sites. They feed off people’s longing to escape from their reality defined and built by science and technology! The cutting-edge scientific technology is used to feed people’s longing for something beyond the routine and drudgery of their daily existence--their dry, scientific, mechanical existence. It seems as though the “scientific” education of the modern era could not eradicate man’s fascination with fantasies, fairytales and wishful thinking. There seems to be in man an undying longing for the Beyond, something beyond the here and now. And we should not be surprised by this: God did not just give us a physical body out of the dust of the ground but He also breathed into us the breath of life, making us into a living soul. We have a longing for God and eternity beyond the confines of this physical universe.

 

But should we believe whatever fits our fancy? Should there be no other basis of our belief than the fact that it sounds good to us and we would like it to be true? If that were the case, our belief would be nothing but a mirage, which may give us the hope and courage we need to go on for now. But the reality will bite us even harder when we get to the pool of dry sand rather than the pool of refreshing water. If we want to anchor our belief in a solid foundation, we must go beyond what sounds good to what it is based on. What are some of the things that you believe as working hypotheses for your daily life? Why do we believe what we believe? What is the basis? (Or, does it matter?)

 

In our passage, Jesus speaks of the validity of His ministry. He does so not to win people’s approval, as though the legitimacy of His ministry depended on it: “Not that the testimony that I receive is from man…” (v. 34); “I do not receive glory from people.…” (v. 41). But, when challenged by the religious leaders of His time, Jesus goes on to demonstrate the validity of His ministry. Why? So that His people may saved (v. 34). What condescension! What humility! Sometimes there is nothing more degrading than having to prove oneself. Imagine a father being challenged by his son to prove his love for him when he gladly donated one of his kidneys to save his son’s life not too long ago. Jesus knew who He was full well. His self-consciousness and self-worth did not depend on popularity with men. But He willingly subjected Himself to the humiliating task of validating His ministry--why?--so that people might be saved, so that you and I might believe and be saved!

 

But His humility is further demonstrated by His manner of defending His ministry. He says in v. 31, “If I alone bear witness about myself, my testimony is not deemed true.” He is obviously referring to what the Mosaic Law required for valid evidence: “A single witness shall not suffice against a person for any crime or for any wrong in connection with any offense that he has committed. Only on the evidence of two witnesses or of three witnesses shall a charge be established” (Deut. 19:15). By appealing to another witness(es), Jesus is fulfilling the requirement of the law. In doing so, Jesus humbles Himself. How so? Because He is who He is--the eternal Word, who was in the beginning, who was with God and who was and is God (1:1). Does God need to prove anything to anybody? A self-existing and self-sufficient and all-glorious God that He is, does He need to seek anyone’s approval, especially from finite and insignificant creatures like us? And if He were to prove Himself as our Creator, what or who could bear witness to His creation? God addressed Job a long time ago, “Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth?” Doesn’t it apply also to the whole creation? If so, shouldn’t we, as Job did, bury our head in the dust and ashes of silent humility?

 

Jesus was also distinguishing Himself from others, those who come in their own names (v. 44). For the Jews did not lack false messiahs, who caused quite a stir with their large claims and their new political/religious/military movements. But what were their credentials? Where was the validation of their ministry? Their zeal? Their charismatic personality? Their willingness and courage to take on the Roman Empire? If anybody should have been accepted purely on the basis of merit, it was Jesus, the Son of God. Even so, He goes on to say in vv. 31-32, “If I alone bear witness about myself, my testimony is not deemed true. There is another who bears witness about me, and I know that the testimony that he bears about me is true.” Who was this other witness?

 

It was not John the Baptist. Jesus mentioned John the Baptist and his witness about Him. He did so because John did bear witness about Him. In fact, the first portion of this Gospel is filled with John’s testimony concerning Jesus. John is introduced in the prologue as a witness to the true, eternal Light (1:6-9). He was not the Christ (1:20). He spoke of Christ as someone who has a higher rank than he because He was before him (1:15, 29-39)--so high that he was not worthy to untie the strap of Jesus’ sandal (1:26). He spoke of how the Spirit descended from heaven like a dove, and remained on Jesus, who came to baptize with the Holy Spirit (1:32-34) while he himself baptized only with water. He testified that Jesus is the Son of God (v. 34) and “the Lamb of God” (v. 36). Jesus is the Bridegroom and John, a friend of the Bridegroom, standing on the sideline. So Christ must increase, but he must decrease (3:28-30).

 

We may not fully appreciate such a testimony from John the Baptist. We are at the beginning of presidential campaign and we hear the candidates courting endorsements from who’s who in the political arena as well as from any notable institutions. Not all endorsements make to the news, of course: some are bigger deals than others. John’s testimony at that time, John’s endorsement of Jesus, if you will, was as huge as any endorsement got. When he came on the scene, “Jerusalem and all Judea and all the region about the Jordan were going out to him” (Matt. 3:5). The news of his ministry reached even the ears of Herod the king. So sensational and notable was his ministry that the religious leaders sent envoys to find out whether he was the expected Messiah. So wide and powerful was his influence among the people that the religious leaders did not dare to openly denounce his ministry for the fear of the people. He was that big in people’s estimation! So John the Baptist’s testimony concerning Jesus was huge, at least in people’s mind.

 

Jesus acknowledged John’s testimony: “You sent to John, and he has borne witness to the truth” (v. 33). But it was not because the authenticity of Jesus’ ministry depended on man’s testimony, even John’s. For Jesus was so much greater than John. Jesus says in vv. 35-36, “He was a burning and shining lamp, and you were willing to rejoice for a while in his light. But the testimony that I have is greater than that of John.” How can Jesus derive any legitimacy from someone so much inferior to Himself? It is like my appreciation of Yo-Yo Ma, Joshua Bell or Luciano Pavarotti. Does the fact that I, James Lee, like listening to their performance validate in any real way their respective virtuosity? Probably not. The same could be said of John’s witness concerning Jesus. Notice the sharp contrast between John and Jesus. When people asked John whether he was the Messiah, his answer was a simple and decisive “No!”--this, despite the fact that the whole nation of Judah was going out to him! But Jesus receives all the testimonies of John concerning Him that He is incomparably greater than John because He is the promised Messiah, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world, the Holy Spirit Baptizer and, in fact, the Son of God!

 

But Jesus does not totally denounce it. When he acknowledges it, however, it was only to show even a greater witness (or witnesses). This would not work if John’s testimony was not great in its own right! Then who is the other witness greater even than John? It is ultimately God the Father, who sent Him into the world. It was particularly the works that the Father sent Him to do: “the works that the Father has given me to accomplish, the very works that I am doing, bear witness about me that the Father has sent me” (v. 36). What does Jesus mean by these works?

 

First, they are the works that Jesus is and has been doing. What has He been doing? He has been doing a lot: gathering His disciples, teaching about the kingdom of heaven, etc. But of particular interest here are the miraculous signs that He has performed. His teaching was accompanied by miraculous signs. He made water into wine at the wedding in Cana. Again in Cana, He healed the son of an official simply by speaking from a distance. And He just healed a paralytic at the pool called Bethesda in Jerusalem, which sparked the inquiry of the religious leaders because the healing took place on the Sabbath.

 

But these miracles were not meant to be some dazzling show for entertainment or some medical, social service. John the Apostle calls them “signs”. Why? Because they functioned like signposts: their main objective was to point to something beyond themselves. To what? To the true identity of Jesus as the Son of God, as the One, sent by the Father as the promised Messiah. For these supernatural miracles were impossible with men: they are possible only with God. These miracles showed that the Father was behind Jesus’ ministry. And Jesus tells us that what He has been doing, including these miraculous signs, are the very works that the Father gave Him to fulfill.

 

But this raises yet another question, doesn’t it? What proof is there that what Jesus is doing is what the Father sent Him to do? So Jesus says to the religious leaders, “You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me…” (v. 39). It is not just the miraculous signs that Jesus performed, which testified to the divine origin and approval of Jesus’ ministry. It is also the Scriptural testimonies concerning Jesus’ works. The works that Jesus performed were not something conjured up by a religious genius, cleverly devised to wow and dazzle the people. As new and as marvelous they seem, there is, in a sense, nothing original about the works of Jesus--in the sense that they are commissioned by His heavenly Father. In fact, God has written down what Jesus was supposed to do, in the Scriptures, through the prophets, way in advance. That was the primary purpose of the Scriptures--bearing witness to Jesus, the long-expected Messiah!

                     

Do you hear what Jesus is saying in v. 39? He is saying that, when God wrote down all the things in the Scriptures, when God did all the things that are recorded in the Scriptures, God did them to point His people to Jesus Christ, the promised Savior of the world! That was the ultimate purpose of the Law (the Five Books of Moses), of the Historical Books (from Joshua to Esther), of the Psalms and Wisdom Literature and of the Prophetic Books (from Isaiah to Malachi)! Whatever application these Scriptures have for our life and living are secondary. (By “secondary” I do not mean “unnecessary” or “meaningless”. Clear directions on how we ought to think and live before God are important, prior to our salvation, as a taskmaster driving us to Christ. And those clear directions are necessary and important, after our salvation, as a guide to a life worthy of God’s calling. But they are secondary: they flow out of our union with Christ, out of what Christ has done for us and what Christ is doing in us, the very subject of the Bible.)

         

But let us think about the Scriptures (in this context, the Old Testament) point to Jesus Christ. Even in the previous chapters in John, we have a few examples.

 

The Gospel of John begins, “In the beginning….” This is an obvious allusion to the way Genesis begins. But this beginning takes us beyond the beginning of Gen. 1 to the eternal existence of God: “In the beginning was the Word [already], and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” Thus John introduces Jesus Christ as the eternal Word, by whom all things were created: “All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made” (1:3). But this is not just to affirm Jesus Christ as the Creator God. It is also to point to the redemptive, new creation, by which that eternal Word, who became flesh and dwelt among us, will bring us into new heaven and new earth. How do we get this in Gen. 1? The creation account there is given as God fixing the problem of “the earth… [being] formless and void”--do you taste the redemptive flavor of fixing a problem? Although God through creation established domains and filled them with appropriate occupants, the world was soon plunged into chaos by Adam’s Fall. The world, which was “very good”, was thrust into a condition in desperate need of redemption, re-creation, in fact. So John in His gospel records only seven of Jesus’ miraculous signs to correspond to the first seven days, in which God created the heavens and the earth and rested. Jesus, the Creator of the first creation, is also the Creator of the new creation.

 

God also pointed to Christ through prophecies. John the Baptist is a case in point. When asked to reveal his identity, he presents himself as the fulfillment of the Isaianic prophecy concerning the voice crying out in the wilderness, “Make straight the way of the Lord” (1:23). Of course, the focus of this prophecy is not so much John the Baptist himself but John the Baptist as the one called to prepare the way of the Lord Jesus Christ. Jesus also spoke of our need to be born of water and Spirit (3:5). This was in fulfillment of God’s promise in Ezekiel to cleanse His people with water and to give them a new spirit (Ezek. 36:26, 27). And Jesus’ mention of the wind blowing alludes to the wind, which blew over the valley of dry bones to bring them to life (Ezek. 37), pointing to the Holy Spirit, giving new birth to God’s people.

 

God pointed to Christ through various ordinances as well. Take, for example, the sacrificial system. John refers to Jesus as “the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world” (1:26). Here John makes an obvious allusion to the guilt/sin offering, in required lambs among other animals. Through the sacrificial system of the Old Testament God demonstrated, explained and foreshadowed the one and only, truly efficacious sacrifice for our sins. For the blood of animals has no power to take away our sins (Heb. 10:4).

 

God also used the temple to point His people to Christ. The temple built by Solomon was a glorious edifice. And the new (the third) temple being built by Herod was another impressive building. However, these earthly temples were destructible, not to mention the irony of God’s people separated from the presence of God by walls and curtains and veils in the temple. Jesus spoke of another temple, which He would build in three days (Ch. 2). This temple was His resurrection body, now indestructible, undefiled and eternal. The imperfections of the earthly temples cried out for the perfect, heavenly temple, in which God and His people could dwell forever in perfect harmony: the earthly temples with their imperfections pointed to Jesus Christ, the true temple, in whom divine nature and human nature dwell together in perfect harmony, through whom God and men are reconciled forever in perfect peace.

 

Even the institution of marriage was something that pointed to Christ. At the wedding in Cana, when the wine ran out, Jesus turned the water in large jars into an excellent, choicest wine. To provide wine for the wedding party was the bridegroom’s responsibility. In turning the water into wine, Jesus did what the bridegroom failed to do. There we see Jesus as the true Bridegroom for His bride, the church: He alone is able to make the marriage covenant between God and His people work through His perfect, self-giving love.

 

God also used the lives and ministries of the Old Testament characters to point to Christ. One example of this in John is Moses: “the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ” (1:17). There is a definite sense of contrast here between Moses and Christ. But the contrast between the two is not necessarily that of antithesis or opposition; the contrast between Moses and Jesus is rather of hierarchy or rank. For John goes on the say in the very next verse, “No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father’s side, he has made him known” (1:18). This is in allusion to Ex. 33, where Moses’ request to see the face of God was rejected. No mortal, even Moses, could see God’s face and live. But Jesus is no mere mortal: He is “the only begotten God in the bosom of the Father” (NASB, KJV), basking in the radiance of His Father’s glory. The emphasis is not that Moses and Jesus are on the opposing side but that Jesus is far greater, having accomplished all that the Father has promised, all that the law failed to accomplish.

 

We call those ordinances (like the animal/grain sacrifices), institutions (like the Levitical priesthood), events (like the exodus), things (like the temple) and people (like Adam and Moses) “types”. “Types” are the symbols or signs or models that point to the real thing and serve as a substitute until the real thing comes. There are positive types and negative types. All the kings in the Bible are positive types, in a sense, in their kingly role over their people. But they are also negative types in their failures and shortcomings. There are also analogies, such as the institution of marriage pointing to the marriage between Christ and His bride, the church.

 

As we survey these examples in John, we can easily see that God’s revelation did not come simply in the form of propositional truths--that is, God simply giving us eternal, timeless truths about certain topics, as in a reference book. There are certainly propositional truths in the Bible. But God’s revelation comes mainly as an epic drama, as a grand historical narrative. This means that divine revelation is historically progressive. It has beginning and end as well as the middle: it begins with the first creation “in the beginning” and it ends with the new creation on the last day. The middle consists of the fall, God’s promise of redemption (in types and shadows and prophecies and covenants) and God’s accomplishment of our redemption in Jesus Christ, leading to God’s consummation of our redemption on the final day. This means that God is in control: He is the sovereign Lord of history. He declares the end from the beginning. He accomplishes all that He planned to do in the beginning. He accomplishes all His purpose and plan without fail even though the world is full of sin and rebellion. People may, and do, mean evil and devise evil schemes and break God’s law and do all kinds of evil. But God means for good and nothing hinder Him, as when Satan and Jews and Gentiles conspired together to crucify Jesus. But God used the act of ultimate evil to accomplish our salvation! No evil in the world can bewilder God or throw Him off. Nothing can thwart His decree and will. Though the world looks chaotic and messy, though your life may be beset with all kinds of afflictions and trials, God, who wrote the script of redemptive history, who directs this script perfectly, will unveil His good and gracious plot even for your life. We can rejoice and look forward to the unveiling of God’s wonderful plan because our God works all things together for good to those who love Him and are called according to His purpose.

 

God’s revelation is also organically one--that is, the Bible is essentially one story. The Old Testament and the New Testament are two parts of the same story. Augustine once said, “In the Old Testament the New lies hid; in the New Testament the meaning of the Old becomes clear.” As the Old Testament progresses into the New Testament, we see a caterpillar being transformed into a butterfly, as it were. The New is much more glorious and so much better but the New is not separated or different from the Old in its essence. That means, all of the Bible is interconnected as one story. And what is the theme that brings all parts of the Bible together as one? God’s glorious redemption of His people--the Father decreeing our redemption before the foundation of the world, the Son accomplishing our salvation through His life, death and resurrection in history and the Holy Spirit applying and sealing that salvation to our hearts. Our salvation, then, is God’s singular passion and zeal! If not even a hair falls from your head without God’s approval, how secure is your salvation in the almighty hands of God!

 

God’s revelation is also eschatologically oriented--that is, it points us forward to the final day and upward to heaven as the ultimate anchor of our hope. God’s revelation comes out of heaven, where God dwells in the fullness of His glory. Is it any wonder that it should point us back to where it comes from? The reason should be obvious. Heaven, where the fullness of God’s glory abounds, is the only place where we can truly and fully and eternally be happy. And God perfect love for His people could not give them anything less than what is best, heaven. To settle for anything less is a tragedy of the worst possible kind. For the greatest of pleasure in the world falls so far short in comparison.

 

All this is to say that Christ your Savior and Lord is trustworthy in a most absolute way. He deserves our most absolute and complete trust. We can trust Him not because He sounds good to you for some reason but because He is trustworthy objectively.

 

·          When Jesus says that He is the Way and the Truth and the Life (John 14:6), it is true not only for you but for all, even for those in the world. As it makes you rejoice that you have indeed found the Way and the Truth and the Life in Christ, it makes you grieve for all those who are still lost, who are under the deception of Satan, who are headed for eternal death.

·          When Jesus says, “I am the Vine and you are the branches”, you can trust that word to be true. You find in Christ the sap of eternal life, all the nutrition you need to bear fruit for God. And apart from Christ, you can indeed do nothing. So we cling to Christ and abide in Him for His life, His power, His joy.

·          When Jesus says, “I am the good Shepherd,” you can trust Him for His goodness and protection, His guidance and provision. To save us and preserve us, He was willing to lay down His life. We can entrust our life into His nail-pierced hands and know that He will keep us safe and bring us to our heavenly home. This is not the kind of security, which makes us licentious to whatever we want; rather it makes us work out our salvation in fear and trembling because we know that He is at work in us to accomplish it!

·          So when Jesus tells us to deny ourselves and take up the cross and follow Him, we can readily and willingly and joyfully follow Him. Because, when Jesus calls us to follow Him, it is not because He wants to exploit us and make our life miserable! It is because He knows that what He offers us is far greater than anything we can surrender! The call is to follow Him, you see? What can be more precious than He? What treasure of this world can compare to Him in value? A candy to the wealthiest daddy in the world? No, Paul says it is like rubbish! What are we really giving up when we follow Christ? When we deny ourselves, we are surrendering our sin for the righteousness of Christ. When we deny ourselves, we are surrendering our guilt for the forgiveness of Christ. We surrender the darkness of our regrets and sorrow for the light of heavenly joy and peace in Christ. We surrender our weakness for the strength of Christ. We surrender our death under the condemnation of the law for the resurrection life of Christ! For many of us, the best thing we have is a hope, a distant possibility for something better. But Christ offers us the present reality of His forgiveness, His love, His joy, His peace and His life!

 

Does He not deserve our absolute, unswerving trust? And the reasons for our trust are more than just our emotional needs and destitute conditions. Concerning the legitimacy of His ministry, John the Baptist testified; Jesus’ miraculous signs testify; God Himself testifies through the Scriptures. Oh, what a friend we have in Jesus! Do you have anyone, is there anyone in the world, who deserves your most complete, absolute trust and confidence, who will never leave you or abandon you, who has conquered death so that not even death could come between you and him? And we have such a friend in Jesus Christ! How secure, how rich, how glorious is our life because of Him! Let us trust Him for all that He is, all that the Scriptures testify concerning him! Let us love the Scriptures for that! And let us look forward to that day of Christ’s full revelation, when we shall behold His glory to our full redemption and satisfaction!

 

© Copyright 2008 by Jeong Woo "James" Lee

All Rights Reserved.